Centos 7安装MySQL5.7

准备工作

卸载MariaDB

[root@devstack ~]# rpm -qa | grep maria
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@devstack ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64

安装MySQL（yum方式）

配置MySQL yum源

也可以下载RPM直接安装。

wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm
yum localinstall -y mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

安装MySQL服务

yum install -y mysql-community-server

安装MySQL（rpm方式）

下载MySQL安装包

wget https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mkdir mysql
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C mysql

安装MySQL

依次安装common包、lib包、client包和server包：

cd mysql
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

配置和启动MySQL

配置MySQL

修改配置，vim /etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

# mysql server port
port=3306

default_storage_engine=InnoDB

[client]
# client port
port=3306

启动MySQL服务

systemctl enable mysqld.service
systemctl start mysqld.service

配置密码和权限

1. 查看初始密码：

   grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
   

2. 登录MySQL

   mysql -uroot -p
   

3. 配置密码

   alter user 'root'@'localhost' indentified by '新密码'; # 本地登录
   

4. 配置远程登录

   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '远程登录密码';; # 授权远程登录
   flush privileges;
   exit;
   

Windows安装MySQL5.7

这里用压缩包安装方式。

下载MySQL5.7安装

下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

下载Windows (x86, 64-bit), ZIP Archive

解压

下载完毕后将文件解压到你想保存到的盘和目录内。例如：D:\Program Files\MySQL57

配置环境变量

新建MYSQL_HOME环境变量，值为MySQL安装目录，并将变量MYSQL_HOME添加到环境变量Path。

新建环境变量：

添加到Path：

配置my.ini文件

在你的MySQL5.7安装目录下新建my.ini文件

[mysqld]
# 端口号
port = 3306
# MySQL5.7安装目录
basedir=D:\Program Files\MySQL57\mysql-5.7.37-winx64
# mysql数据存储路径
datadir=E:\Data\MySQL57\data
# 最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 编码
character-set-server=utf8

default-storage-engine=INNODB

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
log_timestamps=SYSTEM
log-error = error.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
long_query_time = 5
expire_logs_days = 15
secure-file-priv=E:\Data\MySQL57\Uploads
[mysql]
# 编码
default-character-set=utf85

安装MySQL

1、在输入框内输入cmd，以管理员的身份运行，注意这里一定一定一定要以管理员的身份运行，否则在安装过程中会出现因为管理权限不够而导致的Install/Remove of the Service Denied!（安装/卸载服务被拒绝），这一点非常重要！

2、在cmd下进去MySQL的安装目录的bin目录下

3、初始化数据库

mysqld --initialize-insecure

执行完毕之后，在data目录下会生成很多文件。

4、注册并启动MySQL服务

mysqld –install MySQL

install后面是服务的名字，我们这里以MySQL作为mysql5.7的服务名。

5、启动

net start mysql

登录并修改密码

提醒大家，由于初始化设置或版本差异，有些版本安装完成后root是空密码，有些是临时密码，我们需要查看error log日志提示。

日志路径在“mysql数据存储路径”的error.log，如E:\Data\MySQL57\data\error.log。

下面我们命令行登录 修改下密码：

mysql -uroot -p

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'mysql1234';
ALTER ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql1234' WITH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;